OXALIC Acid

Oxalic acidbụ organic umi.Ụdị kemịkal bụ H₂C₂O₄.Ọ bụ ngwaahịa metabolic nke anụ ahụ.Ọ bụ acid na-adịghị ike nwere akụkụ abụọ.A na-ekesa ya n'ụdị osisi, anụmanụ, na fungal.Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche n'ime ihe dị ndụ dị iche iche.Ya mere, a na-ewerekarị oxalic acid dị ka onye na-emegide nnabata na itinye n'ọrụ nke ihe ịnweta.Anhydride ya bụ carbon trioxide.

Njirimara:Mpempe akwụkwọ monoclinic na-enweghị agba ma ọ bụ kristal prismatic ma ọ bụ ntụ ọcha, oxalic acid enweghị isi site na oxidation, uto oxalic acid site na njikọ.Sublimation na 150 ~ 160 ℃.Enwere ike kpuchie ya na ikuku kpọrọ nkụ.1g bụ soluble na mmiri 7ml, 2mL esi mmiri, 2.5mL ethanol, 1.8mL esi ethanol, 1.8mL ether, 5.5mL glycerin, na insoluble na benzene, chloroform na petroleum ether.Ihe ngwọta 0.1mol / L nwere pH nke 1.3.Njupụta ikwu (mmiri = 1) bụ 1.653.Ebe mgbaze 189.5 ℃.

Njirimara kemịkalụ:A na-ahụ oxalic acid, nke a makwaara dị ka glycolic acid, na nri osisi.Oxalic acid bụ kristal kọlụm na-enweghị agba, na-agbaze na mmiri kama na ihe mgbaze organic dị ka ether,

Oxalate nwere mmetụta nhazi siri ike yana ọ bụ ụdị ọzọ nke metal chelating agent na nri osisi.Mgbe oxalic acid jikọtara ya na ụfọdụ alkaline metal metal ọcha, ya solubility na-ebelata nke ukwuu, dị ka calcium oxalate fọrọ nke nta insoluble na mmiri.Ya mere, ọnụnọ nke oxalic acid nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na bioavailability nke mineral ndị dị mkpa;Mgbe a na-ejikọta oxalic acid na ụfọdụ ihe metal mgbanwe mgbanwe, a na-emepụta ogige ndị soluble n'ihi nhazi nhazi nke oxalic acid, na solubility ha na-abawanye nke ukwuu.

Oxalic acid malitere ịdaba na 100 ℃, na-ebuli ngwa ngwa na 125 ℃, ma mee ka ọ dị elu na 157 ℃, wee malite ire ere.

Nwere ike meghachi omume na alkali, nwere ike imepụta esterification, acyl halogenation, mmeghachi omume amide.Mbelata mmeghachi omume nwekwara ike ime, na mmeghachi omume decarboxylation nwere ike ime n'okpuru okpomọkụ.Anhydrous oxalic acid bụ hygroscopic.Oxalic acid na-etolite ogige ndị na-agbaze mmiri nwere ọtụtụ ọla.

Oxalate nkịtị:1, Sodium oxalate;2, Potassium oxalate;3, Calcium oxalate;4, Ferrous oxalate;5, Antimony oxalate;6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate;7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.

Ngwa:

1. Onye na-eme mgbagwoju anya, onye na-ekpuchi ihe mkpuchi, onye na-emepụta ihe, onye na-ebelata ihe.A na-eji ya maka ikpebi beryllium, calcium, chromium, gold, manganese, strontium, thorium na ion metal ndị ọzọ.Picocrystal analysis maka sodium na ihe ndị ọzọ.Na-ebute calcium, magnesium, thorium na ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa.Ihe ngwọta ọkọlọtọ maka nhazi nke potassium permanganate na ngwọta cerous sulfate.ịcha ọcha.Enyemaka agba agba.A pụkwara iji ya wepụ nchara na uwe na ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ tupu ị na-ehichapụ ihe mkpuchi mgbidi dị n'èzí, n'ihi na mgbidi alkaline dị ike kwesịrị ibu ụzọ kpoo oxalic acid alkali.

2. Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ na-eji na-emepụta aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vitamin B12, phenobarbital na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ.Ụlọ ọrụ na-ebi akwụkwọ na ịcha akwa ejiri dị ka enyemaka agba, ịcha ọcha, etiti ahụike.Ụlọ ọrụ plastik maka mmepụta nke PVC, amino plastics, urea - formaldehyde plastik.

3. A na-eji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ phenolic resin synthesis, mmeghachi omume catalytic dị nro, usoro ahụ dị ntakịrị, na ogologo oge bụ ogologo oge.Acetone oxalate ngwọta nwere ike kpalite mmeghachi omume ọgwụgwọ nke resin epoxy ma belata oge ọgwụgwọ.A na-ejikwa ya dị ka urea formaldehyde sịntetik, melamine formaldehyde resin pH regulator.Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ya na polyvinyl formaldehyde nrapado mmiri na-agbaze iji meziwanye ọsọ ihicha na ike njikọ.A na-ejikwa ya dị ka onye na-agwọ ọrịa urea formaldehyde resin, metal ion chelating agent.Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe ngwa ngwa maka ịkwadebe adhesives starch na KMnO4 oxidant iji mee ka ọnụego oxidation dịkwuo elu ma belata oge mmeghachi omume.

Dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ịcha ọcha:

A na-eji oxalic acid eme ihe dị ka onye na-ebelata ihe na-acha ọcha na ịcha ọcha, nke a na-eji na-emepụta ọgwụ nje na borneol na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ, yana nchacha ihe mgbaze ọla na-adịghị ahụkebe, ihe na-ebelata ihe na-esiji, onye na-ahụ maka tanning, wdg.

A pụkwara iji oxalic acid mee ihe na-emepụta cobalt-molybdenum-aluminom catalysts, ihicha ọla na marble, na ịcha akwa.

Ejiri ya mee ihe maka nhicha na ọgwụgwọ elu igwe, mmịpụta elementrị ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, mbipụta textile na ịcha akwa, nhazi akpụkpọ anụ, nkwadebe ihe ike, wdg.

Dị ka onye na-ebelata ego:

Na organic njikọ ụlọ ọrụ na-bụ-eji na mmepụta nke hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid na ndị ọzọ chemical ngwaahịa.

Ụlọ ọrụ plastik maka mmepụta nke PVC, amino plastics, urea - formaldehyde plastics, agba, wdg.

A na-eji ụlọ ọrụ na-agba agba na-emepụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Ụlọ ọrụ na-ebi akwụkwọ na ịcha akwa nwere ike dochie acetic acid, nke a na-eji dị ka ihe enyemaka agba agba agba, onye na-acha ọcha.

Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ maka mmepụta nke aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a pụkwara iji oxalic acid mee ihe na njikọ nke dị iche iche oxalate ester, oxalate na oxalamide ngwaahịa, na diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate na ndị ọzọ na ngwaahịa ndị kasị na-arụpụta.

Usoro nchekwa:

1. Mechie n'ebe kpọrọ nkụ ma dị jụụ.Ihe na-egbochi mmiri nke ọma, ihe mgbochi mmiri na anwụ.Okpomọkụ nchekwa ekwesịghị gafere 40 ℃.

2. Na-ezere oxides na alkaline bekee.Jiri akpa akwa polypropylene kpuchiri akpa rọba, 25kg/akpa.

N'ozuzu, oxalic acid bụ kemịkalụ dị iche iche nwere ọtụtụ ngwa na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche.Ngwongwo ya na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ dị mma maka ihicha, nchacha na ịcha ọcha, yana ọ nwere ọtụtụ ngwa na ụlọ ọrụ textiles, ubi na ígwè ọrụ.Agbanyeghị, a ga-akpachapụ anya maka nchekwa mgbe ị na-eji kemịkal a, n'ihi na ọ na-egbu egbu ma nwee ike imerụ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ejirighị ya nke ọma.