sodium bicarbonate, molekụla usoro bụ NAHCO₃, bụ inorganic onyinye, na-acha ọcha crystalline ntụ ntụ, ọ dịghị isi, nnu, mfe igbari na mmiri.Jiri nwayọọ na-erepịa n'ikuku iru mmiri ma ọ bụ ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ, na-emepụta carbon dioxide, ma kpoo ọkụ ruo 270 Celsius C kpamkpam.Mgbe ọ bụ acidic, ọ na-emebisi ike, na-emepụta carbon dioxide.
A na-eji sodium bicarbonate eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nyocha nke kemịkalụ, njikọ inorganic, mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, mmepụta ugbo na anụ anụmanụ.
Njirimara anụ ahụ:sodium bicarbonatebụ kristal na-acha ọcha, ma ọ bụ kristal monocliplate na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ kristal dị ntakịrị, nke na-abụghị isi, nnu dị ntakịrị ma dị jụụ, na-adị mfe soluble na mmiri na glycerin, na-adịghị edozi na ethanol.The solubility na mmiri bụ 7.8g (18 ℃), 16.0g (60 ℃), njupụta bụ 2.20g / cm3, nkezi bụ 2.208, refractive index bụ α: 1.465;β: 1.498;γ: 1.504, ọkọlọtọ entropy 24.4J / (mol · K), mepụta okpomọkụ 229.3kj / mol, etisasịwo okpomọkụ 4.33kj / mol, na karịa ike ọkụ (Cp) 20.89J / (mol · ° C) (22 ° C) .
Njirimara kemịkalụ:
1. Acid na alkaline
Ngwọta mmiri nke sodium bicarbonate bụ alkaline na-adịghị ike n'ihi hydrolysis: HCO3-+ H2O⇌H2CO3 + OH-, 0.8% ngwọta mmiri pH bụ 8.3.
2. Meghachi omume na acid
Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike imeghachi omume na acid, dị ka sodium bicarbonate na hydrochloride: nahco3+HCL = NaCl+CO2 ↑+H2O.
3. Mmeghachi omume alkali
Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike imeghachi omume na alkali.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, sodium bicarbarbonate na sodium hydroxide mmeghachi omume: nahco3 + naOh = Na2CO3 + H2O;na mmeghachi omume calcium hydroxide, ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ sodium sodium bicarbonate zuru ezu, e nwere: 2NAHCO3 + CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+NA2CO3+2H2O;
Ọ bụrụ na enwere ntakịrị sodium bicarbonate, enwere: Nahco3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+Naoh+H2O.
4. Mmeghachi omume na nnu
A. Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike okpukpu abụọ hydrolysis na aluminum chloride na aluminom chloride, ma mepụta aluminum hydroxide, sodium nnu na carbon dioxide.
3AHCO3+AlCl3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3ACL+3CO2 ↑;3AHCO3+Al (CLO3) 3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3AClo3+3CO2 ↑.
B. Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike meghachi omume na ụfọdụ ngwọta nnu metal, dị ka: 2HCO3-+Mg2+= CO2 ↑+MgCo3 ↓+H2O.
5. Nbibi site na okpomọkụ
Ọdịdị nke sodium bicarbonate kwụsiri ike na okpomọkụ, ọ dịkwa mfe ịkụda.Ọ na-emebi ngwa ngwa n'elu 50 Celsius C. Na 270 Celsius C, carbon dioxide na-efunahụ kpamkpam.Ọ dịghị mgbanwe na akọrọ ikuku na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ decompose na iru mmiri ikuku.Nbibi Usoro mmeghachi omume: 2NAHCO3NA2CO3+CO2 ↑+H2O.
Oghere ngwa:
1. Laboratory ojiji
sodium bicarbonatea na-eji dị ka nyocha reagents ma na-eji maka inorganic njikọ.Enwere ike iji ya dozie ngwọta sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer solution.Mgbe ị na-agbakwunye obere acid ma ọ bụ alkali, ọ nwere ike idobe ntinye nke ion hydrogen na-enweghị mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama, nke nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe usoro pH uru dịtụ mma.
2. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe
Enwere ike iji sodium bicarbonate mepụta pH ọkụ ọkụ na ụfụfụ ọkụ, na sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ rọba nwere ike iji maka mmepụta roba na ogbo.Enwere ike iji sodium bicarbonate dị na ụlọ ọrụ ọla dị ka ihe na-agbaze maka ịkwanye ingots ígwè.Enwere ike iji sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ igwe dị ka onye na-akpụzi ihe maka nkedo ígwè (sanwichi) ájá.Enwere ike iji sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ obibi akwụkwọ na ịcha akwa dị ka onye na-edozi agba, ihe nchekwa acid-base, na akwa akwa na-edozi azụ n'azụ na-ebi akwụkwọ;ịgbakwunye soda na agba agba nwere ike igbochi gauze na gauze.Mgbochi.
3. Nri nhazi ojiji
Na nhazi nri, sodium bicarbonate bụ ihe na-adịghị mma nke a na-ejikarị emepụta bisiki na achịcha.Agba bụ odo - aja aja.Ọ bụ carbon dioxide n'ime ihe ọṅụṅụ soda;enwere ike jikọta ya na alum ka ọ bụrụ ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ, ma ọ bụ na-agụnye citromes dị ka nkume nkịtị nkume alkali;kamakwa dịka onye na-echekwa bọta.Enwere ike iji ya dị ka mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri agba agba na nhazi akwukwo nri.Ịtinye ihe dịka 0.1% na 0.2% nke sodium bicarbonate mgbe ịsacha mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri nwere ike ịkwado akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.Mgbe a na-eji sodium bicarbonate mee ihe dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye uru pH nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri site na isi nri mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, nke nwere ike ime ka uru pH nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri dịkwuo mma, meziwanye njide mmiri nke protein, kwalite nro. nke mkpụrụ ndụ anụ ahụ nri, na igbari akụkụ astringent.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, enwere mmetụta na mmiri ara ehi ewu, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke 0.001% ~ 0.002%.
4. Ọrụ ugbo na ịzụ anụmanụ
sodium bicarbonateenwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka ịkụ ihe ubi, ọ nwekwara ike mejupụta maka enweghị ọdịnaya lysine na nri.Soluble sodium bicarbonate soluble na obere mmiri ma ọ bụ na-agwakọta n'ime itinye uche na-azụ anụ ehi (ego kwesịrị ekwesị) iji kwalite uto nke anụ ehi.O nwekwara ike ime ka mmiri ara ehi na-emepụta mmiri ara ehi nke ukwuu.
5. ọgwụ eji eme ihe
Enwere ike iji sodium bicarbonate mee ihe dị ka akụrụngwa maka ọgwụ, nke a na-eji na-agwọ oke acid gastric, nsị nke metabolic acid, nakwa maka mmamịrị alkaline iji gbochie nkume uric acid.Ọ nwekwara ike ibelata nsi akụrụ nke ọgwụ sulfa, ma gbochie hemoglobin itinye n'ime tubular gbasara akụrụ mgbe nnukwu hemolysis, na-agwọkwa mgbaàmà nke oke acid gastric kpatara;Intravenous injection bụ na-abụghị kpọmkwem na ọgwụ nsị Mmetụta ọgwụgwọ.Isi ọwụwa na-aga n'ihu, enweghị agụụ, ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgbọ, wdg.
Nchekwa na ndetu njem: Sodium bicarbonate bụ ngwaahịa na-adịghị ize ndụ, mana ekwesịrị igbochi ya na mmiri.Na-echekwa na akọrọ ventilashion tank.Ejila acid gwakọta ya.A gaghị agwakọta soda mmiri oriri na ihe ndị na-egbu egbu iji gbochie mmetọ.
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa: 25KG/BAG
Oge nzipu: Mar-17-2023