Acetic acid, nke a makwaara dị ka acetic acid, bụ ihe mejupụtara organic, kemịkalụ CH3COOH, bụ yuan acid nke organic, nke bụ isi ihe mejupụtara vinega

Asịd aceticA maara ya dịka ACOH, nke aha ya bụ isi ihe mejupụtara mmanya vaịn, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime asịd abụba kacha mkpa. Ụdị nke enweghị ihe okike dị n'ọtụtụ osisi. CH3COOH nke molekul. Ịmepụta na iji mmanya vaịn eme ihe nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọtụtụ puku afọ. Na China oge ochie, e dekọrọ ya na mmanya vaịn. Mana acetic acid a na-etinye n'ime ya bụ akwụkwọ Chemicalbook nke Stahl mepụtara na 1700. Acetic acid dị ọcha bụ mmiri mmiri na-enweghị agba ma nwee uto na-akpasu iwe. Ebe agbaze bụ 16.6 ° C, ebe esi mmiri bụ 117.9 ° C, na njupụta dị n'etiti ya bụ 1.049 (20/4 ° C). A na-agbaze na mmiri, ethanol, glycerin, ether na carbon chloride; anaghị agbaze na carbonide. A na-ejikọta cricket mmiri na-enweghị mmiri ka ọ bụrụ ice, nke a maara dị ka ice acetic acid. Na-ere ere. Ọ bụ acid na-adịghị ike ma na-emepụta ihe, acidity nke acid, ma nwee ike ibute mmeghachi omume esterization na mmanya.

Njirimara kemịkalụ:Asịd acetic(AcOH) bụ acetic carboxylic acid mono-weak. O nwere njirimara nke carboxylic acid. Ọ na-emeghachi omume na ụfọdụ metal, metal oxides na hydroxides iji mepụta nnu. Ọtụtụ acetic acid nwere ojiji dị mkpa. Ejiri basic ferric acetate [Fe(C2H3OO)6OH(OOCCH3)2] na [Fe3(C2H3OO)6(OH)2(OOCCH3)] na lead acetate mee ihe dị ka mordant, e jikwa ferrous acetate mee ihe maka ibipụta ihe. Acetic acid na mmanya esterized. Enwere ike iji hydrocarbon unsaturated mee esterification n'okpuru ọrụ nke catalyst. Enwere ike iji halogens dochie Alpha-hydrogen; na formaldehyde n'okpuru ọrụ nke catalyst, banye n'ahịrị Chemicalbook nke alcohol aldehyde condensation; Mgbe a na-etinye nitric acid na acetic acid, enwere ike imeziwanye ọnụego nitrating. Site na iji benzoyl chloride, enwere ike ịmepụta acetyl chloride na benzoic acid. Enwere ike iji acetic acid mepụta ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa dị iche iche, dịka methyl acetate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, wdg, bụ ihe mgbaze dị mma na ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi na agba. Enwere ike iji cellulose acetate, nke a na-emepụta site na mmekọrịta nke acetic anhydride na cellulose, mee ihe nkiri, agba fesa na plastik dị iche iche. A na-eji chloroacetic acid kwadebe carboxymethyl cellulose. Acetate vinyl nke acetic acid na acetylene mepụtara bụ ihe dị mkpa maka mmepụta ọgwụ, agba na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, yana ihe mgbaze dị mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ rọba. Acetic acid na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ na mmepụta organic.

Ogige ngwa
Ojiji ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe
1. Asịd aceticbụ nnukwu ngwaahịa kemịkalụ ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime asịd organic kachasị mkpa. A na-ejikarị ya emepụta ethidine, ethyls na ethyl acetate. Enwere ike ime polyetate ethyl ester ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na ihe nrapado, ọ bụkwa ihe eji eme eriri sịntetik Velun. Ethyl acetic acid cellulose nwere ike ime silk na ihe nkiri sịntetik.
2. Ethyl acetate nke mmanya dị ala mepụtara bụ ihe mgbaze dị mma ma a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ agba. N'ihi na ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị ndụ na-agbaze acetic acid, a na-ejikwa acetic acid eme ihe ndị na-agbaze organic (dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka mmepụta nke phenyl acid acid acid acid acid).
3. Enwere ike iji acetic acid mee ihe n'ụfọdụ ihe ngwọta a pịchara akpụcha ma kpụchaa, dị ka ihe nchekwa (dịka galvanizing na kemịkalụ nickel plating) na ihe ngwọta acid na-adịghị ike, na-agbakwunye ihe mgbakwunye na electrolyte hemuminal na-egbuke egbuke nickel-plated, na passivation nke zinc na cadmium Ihe ngwọta ahụ nwere ike ime ka ike njikọ nke ihe nkiri passivation ka mma ma a na-ejikarị ya achịkwa pH nke ihe mkpuchi acidic na-adịghị ike.
4. A na-eji ya emepụta nnu ígwè, dịka manganese, sodium, lead, aluminum, zinc, cobalt na ọla ndị ọzọ, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali, ihe na-agba ákwà na ụlọ ọrụ akpụkpọ anụ. Fouritic acid lead bụ ihe na-emepụta ihe ndị e ji emepụta ...
5. A pụkwara iji acetic acid mee ihe dị ka ihe nyocha, ihe ndị sitere n'okike, ihe ndị na-eme ka agba dị iche iche na ọgwụ.

Ojiji nri
N'ime ụlọ ọrụ nri,acetic acida na-eji ya eme ihe dị ka ihe e ji eme ka acid dị. Mgbe e ji ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ mee mmanya vinega sịntetik, a na-agwakọta acetic acid ruo 4-5%, a na-agbakwụnyekwa ụdị ụtọ dị iche iche. Dị ọnụ ala. Dịka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ acid, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ. A kwadebere ya iji mmanya vinega, ite, jelii na chiiz. Ị nwekwara ike ide ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na 0.1 ～ 0.3 g/kg.

Nchekwa na njem
Ihe Ndị Ị Ga-eme Maka Nchekwa: Debe n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe dị jụụ ma nwee ikuku. Debe ya ebe ọkụ na okpomọkụ na-anaghị apụta. N'oge oyi, a ga-edebe okpomọkụ nchekwa ihe karịrị 16℃ iji gbochie ike ịgbaze. Debe akpa ahụ n'ime mkpuchi. A ga-echekwa ya iche na ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ọcha na ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịgbaze, ekwesighikwa ịgwakọta ya. A na-eji ọkụ na ikuku na-anaghị agbawa agbawa. Ejila ngwa igwe na ngwaọrụ ndị nwere ike ịgbawa. Ebe nchekwa ahụ kwesịrị inwe ngwa ọgwụgwọ mberede na ihe ndị kwesịrị ekwesị maka ijide ihe.

Ihe Ndị Na-akpachara Anya Maka Njem: A ga-eji ụgbọala tankị aluminom nke ụlọ ọrụ aluminom na-enye n'oge njem ụgbọ okporo ígwè, a ga-akọkwa nkwenye nke ngalaba ndị dị mkpa tupu ebuga ya. A ga-eme njem ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-abụghị nke a na-etinye n'ime akpa dịka ndepụta nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị ize ndụ dị na "Iwu Njem Ngwaahịa Dị Ize Ndụ" nke Ministri nke Ụgbọ okporo ígwè si dị. Nkwakọ ngwaahịa ahụ kwesịrị ịdị mma ma ibu ya kwesịrị ịdị mma. N'oge njem, hụ na akpa ahụ anaghị agbapụta, daa, daa ma ọ bụ mebie. Ụgbọala trough (tank) eji eme njem kwesịrị inwe agbụ ala, enwere ike ịhazi nkebi oghere n'ime trough iji belata ọkụ eletrik na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe nke ujo na-akpata. A machibidoro ya nke ọma ịgwakọta ya na kemịkalụ oxidant, alkali na nri. Njem okporo ụzọ kwesịrị ịgbaso ụzọ e nyere iwu, anọgidela n'ebe obibi na ebe mmadụ bi.