Nkọwapụta usoro rheological nke ngwakọta surfactant na-enweghị sulfate nke cocamidopropyl betaine-sodium methyl cocoyl taurate n'ofe nhazi, pH, na ọnọdụ ionic

Okwu Mmalite

A na-eji usoro surfactant abụọ dị n'ime mmiri nke nwere ụdị ihe ndị a na-agbaze agbaze eme ihe nke ukwuu n'ọtụtụ ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, gụnyere ihe ịchọ mma, ọgwụ, ihe ọkụkụ, na ụlọ ọrụ nhazi nri. Nnwale zuru oke nke usoro ndị a bụ n'ihi ọrụ ha dị elu na nke rheological, nke na-eme ka arụmọrụ dịkwuo mma na usoro dị iche iche. Nchikota onwe onye nke surfactants ndị dị otú ahụ n'ime ihe ndị yiri ikpuru, ndị e kekọtara na-enye ihe onwunwe macroscopic dị ukwuu, gụnyere mmụba viscoelasticity na mbelata nrụgide interfacial. Karịsịa, njikọta nke surfactants anionic na zwitterionic na-egosipụta mmụba synergistic na ọrụ elu, viscosity, na mgbanwe nrụgide interfacial. Omume ndị a na-esite na mmekọrịta electrostatic na steric siri ike n'etiti otu isi polar na ọdụ hydrophobic nke surfactants, na-emegide sistemụ otu-surfactant, ebe ike electrostatic na-asọ oyi na-egbochikarị nhazi arụmọrụ.

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CABP; SMILES: CCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCN+ (C)CC([O−])=O) bụ ihe eji eme amphoteric surfactant n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ụdị ihe ịchọ mma n'ihi na ọ na-ehicha nke ọma ma na-eme ka ntutu dị jụụ. Ọdịdị zwitterionic nke CAPB na-eme ka njikọ electrostatic na anionic surfactants dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ụfụfụ kwụsie ike ma na-akwalite arụmọrụ nhazi dị elu. N'ime afọ iri ise gara aga, ngwakọta CAPB na surfactants dabere na sulfate, dị ka CAPB–sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), abụrụla ihe ndabere na ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye. Agbanyeghị, n'agbanyeghị irè nke surfactants dabere na sulfate, nchegbu gbasara ike mgbakasị akpụkpọ ahụ ha na ọnụnọ nke 1,4-dioxane, ihe sitere na usoro ethoxylation, emeela ka mmasị dị na nhọrọ ndị na-enweghị sulfate. Ndị nwere nkwa gụnyere surfactants dabere na amino-acid, dị ka taurates, sarcosinates, na glutamates, nke na-egosipụta mmụba biocompatibility na àgwà dị nro [9]. Agbanyeghị, nnukwu ìgwè isi polar nke ihe ndị a na-agbanwe agbanwe na-egbochikarị ịmepụta usoro micellar nke nwere nnukwu njikọ, na-eme ka ọ dị mkpa iji ihe ndị na-agbanwe rheological.

Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate (SMCT; SMLES:
CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CCS(=O)(=O)O[Na]) bụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri ara ehi dị ka nnu sodium site na njikọ amide nke N-methyltaurine (2-methylaminoethanesulfonic acid) yana agbụ acid fatty sitere na aki oyibo. SMCT nwere isi taurine jikọtara amide yana otu anionic sulfonate siri ike, na-eme ka ọ gbawaa ma dakọọ na pH akpụkpọ ahụ, nke na-etinye ya dị ka ihe na-ekwe nkwa maka usoro enweghị sulfate. A na-amata ihe na-eme ka mmiri ara ehi dị ike, iguzogide mmiri siri ike, ịdị nwayọọ, na nkwụsi ike pH sara mbara.

Usoro Rheological, gụnyere shear viscosity, viscoelastic moduli, na nrụgide mmepụta, dị oke mkpa n'ịchọpụta nkwụsi ike, udidi, na arụmọrụ nke ngwaahịa dabere na surfactant. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, viscosity shear dị elu nwere ike ime ka njigide substrate ka mma, ebe nrụgide mmepụta na-achịkwa nrapara nke usoro ahụ na akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ ntutu mgbe etinyere ya. A na-agbanwe àgwà rheological macroscopic ndị a site na ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere ntinye surfactant, pH, okpomọkụ, na ọnụnọ nke co-solvents ma ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye. Surfactants chajịre nwere ike ịgafe mgbanwe microstructural dị iche iche, site na micelles spherical na vesicles ruo na usoro kristal mmiri mmiri, nke, n'aka nke ya, na-emetụta nnukwu rheology. Ngwakọta nke amphoteric na anionic surfactants na-etolitekarị micelles dị ka ikpuru ogologo (WLMs), nke na-eme ka viscoelastic dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu. Ya mere, nghọta nke mmekọrịta microstructure-accounty dị oke mkpa maka imeziwanye arụmọrụ ngwaahịa.

Ọtụtụ nnyocha nnwale enyochaala sistemụ abụọ yiri nke ahụ, dị ka CAPB–SLES, iji kọwaa ntọala microstructural nke ihe onwunwe ha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Mitrinova et al. [13] jikọtara nha micelle (hydrodynamic radius) na viscosity ngwọta na ngwakọta CAPB–SLES–medium-chain co-surfactant site na iji rheometry na dynamic light scattering (DLS). Mechanical rheometry na-enye nghọta na mgbanwe microstructural nke ngwakọta ndị a ma enwere ike ịbawanye ya site na microrheology optical site na iji diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) nke na-agbatị ngalaba ugboro ole enwere ike ịnweta, na-ejide ike dị mkpirikpi nke metụtara usoro ntụrụndụ WLM. Na DWS microrheology, a na-esochi nkezi square transmission nke nyocha colloidal agbakwunyere ka oge na-aga, na-eme ka mwepụ nke linear viscoelastic moduli nke gburugburu site na mmekọrịta Stokes-Einstein zuru oke. Usoro a chọrọ naanị obere olu ihe nlele ma si otú a baa uru maka ịmụ mmiri dị mgbagwoju anya nwere obere ihe dị, dịka ọmụmaatụ usoro dabere na protein. Nnyocha nke data <Δr²(t)> n'ofe spectra frequency spectra na-eme ka atụmatụ nke micellar dị ka nha mesh, ogologo njikọ, ogologo nnọgidesi ike, na ogologo contour. Amin na ndị otu ya gosipụtara na ngwakọta CAPB-SLES kwekọrọ na amụma sitere na ozizi Cates, na-egosi mmụba dị ukwuu na viscosity na mgbakwunye nnu ruo mgbe ntinye nnu dị oke mkpa, nke viscosity gafere na-ada ngwa ngwa - nzaghachi nkịtị na sistemụ WLM Xu na Amin jiri rheometry mechanical na DWS nyochaa ngwakọta SLES-CABP-CCB, na-ekpughe nzaghachi rheological Maxwellian nke na-egosi nhazi WLM e kekọtara, nke paramita microstructural sitere na nha DWS kwadoro. Dabere na usoro ndị a, ọmụmụ ihe a na-eme ugbu a na-ejikọta rheometry mechanical na microrheology DWS iji kọwaa otu nhazi microstructural si akwalite omume shear nke ngwakọta CAPB-SMCT.

N'ihi mmụba nke ọchịchọ maka ihe nhicha dị nro na nke na-adịgide adịgide, nchọpụta nke anionic surfactants na-enweghị sulfate amụbaala n'agbanyeghị nsogbu nhazi. Nhazi molekul dị iche iche nke sistemụ na-enweghị sulfate na-abụkarị ihe dị iche iche na-emepụta profaịlụ rheological, na-eme ka atụmatụ ọdịnala maka mmụba viscosity dị mgbagwoju anya dịka site na nnu ma ọ bụ polymeric thickening. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Yorke et al. nyochachara ihe ndị ọzọ na-abụghị sulfate site na inyocha ihe ndị na-afụ ụfụfụ na rheological nke ngwakọta binary na ternary surfactant nke nwere alkyl olefin sulfonate (AOS), alkyl polyglucoside (APG), na lauryl hydroxysultaine n'usoro. Oke 1:1 nke AOS-sultaine gosipụtara ihe ndị na-eme ka shear-thinning na ụfụfụ dị ka CAPB-SLES, na-egosi nhazi WLM. Rajput et al. [26] nyochachara anionic surfactant ọzọ na-enweghị sulfate, sodium cocoyl glycinate (SCGLY), yana nonionic co-surfactants (cocamide diethanolamine na lauryl glucoside) site na DLS, SANS, na rheometry. Ọ bụ ezie na SCGLY naanị ya mepụtara micelles gbara okirikiri, mgbakwunye co-surfactant mere ka e nwee ụdị micellar dị mgbagwoju anya karị, nke dabara na mgbanwe pH na-eduzi.

N'agbanyeghị ọganihu ndị a, nnyocha ole na ole lekwasịrị anya na njirimara rheological nke sistemụ na-enweghị sulfate na-adịgide adịgide nke gụnyere CAPB na taurates. Ọmụmụ ihe a na-achọ imejupụta oghere a site n'inye otu n'ime njirimara rheological mbụ nke usoro CAPB-SMCT binary. Site na ịgbanwe nhazi surfactant, pH, na ike ionic n'usoro, anyị na-akọwapụta ihe ndị na-achịkwa viscosity shear na viscoelasticity. Site na iji rheometry mechanical na DWS microrheology, anyị na-atụle nhazi microstructural nke na-adabere na omume shear nke ngwakọta CAPB-SMCT. Nchọpụta ndị a na-akọwapụta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti pH, oke CAPB-SMCT, na ọkwa ionic n'ịkwalite ma ọ bụ igbochi nhazi WLM, si otú a na-enye nghọta bara uru n'ịhazi profaịlụ rheological nke ngwaahịa dabere na surfactant na-adịgide adịgide maka ngwa ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche.