Sodium Bicarbonate, usoro molekul bụ NAHCO₃，bụ ihe na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, nwere ntụ ọcha kristal, enweghị isi, nnu, dị mfe ịgbaze na mmiri. Jiri nwayọ gbazee n'ikuku mmiri ma ọ bụ ikuku ọkụ, mepụta carbon dioxide, ma kpoo ọkụ ruo 270 ° C ma gbazee kpamkpam. Mgbe ọ dị acidic, ọ na-agbaze nke ọma, na-emepụta carbon dioxide.
A na-ejikarị sodium bicarbonate eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ihe gbasara nyocha nke kemistri, mmepụta inorganic, mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, mmepụta ugbo na ịzụ anụmanụ.
Njirimara anụ ahụ:sodium bicarbonatebụ kristal ọcha, ma ọ bụ kristal monocliplative na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ kristal ntakịrị, nke na-adịghị esi isi, ntakịrị nnu ma dị jụụ, a na-agbazekwa ya ngwa ngwa na mmiri na glycerin, ọ naghịkwa agbazekwa na ethanol. Mmiri na-agbaze n'ime mmiri bụ 7.8g (18℃), 16.0g (60℃), njupụta ya bụ 2.20g/cm3, oke ya bụ 2.208, ntụaka refractive bụ α: 1.465; β: 1.498; γ: 1.504, entropy ọkọlọtọ 24.4J/(mol · K), na-emepụta okpomọkụ 229.3kj/mol, okpomọkụ agbazere 4.33kj/mol, na ikike ọkụ (Cp) 20.89J/(mol·°C)(22°C).
Njirimara kemịkalụ:
1. Asịd na alkaline
Mmiri mmiri nke sodium bicarbonate adịghị mma nke ukwuu n'ihi hydrolysis: HCO3-+H2O⇌H2CO3+OH-, mmiri mmiri nke 0.8% pH bụ 8.3.
2. Meghachi omume na acid
Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike imeghachi omume na acid, dịka sodium bicarbonate na hydrochloride: nahco3+HCL = NaCl+CO2 ↑+H2O.
3. Mmeghachi omume na alkali
Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike imeghachi omume na alkali. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmeghachi omume sodium bicarbonate na sodium hydroxide: nahco3+naOh = Na2CO3+H2O; na mmeghachi omume calcium hydroxide, ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ sodium sodium bicarbonate zuru oke, enwere: 2NAHCO3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+NA2CO3+2H2O;
Ọ bụrụ na obere sodium bicarbonate dị, e nwere: Nahco3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+Naoh+H2O.
4. Mmeghachi omume nye nnu
A. Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike ime ka hydrolysis okpukpu abụọ dị na aluminom chloride na aluminom chloride, ma mepụta aluminom hydroxide, sodium nnu na carbon dioxide.
3AHCO3+AlCl3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3ACL+3CO2 ↑; 3AHCO3+Al (CLO3) 3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3AClo3+3CO2 ↑.
B. Sodium bicarbonate nwere ike imeghachi omume na ụfọdụ ihe ngwọta nnu ígwè, dịka: 2HCO3-+Mg2+= CO2 ↑+MgCo3 ↓+H2O.
5. Mmebi site na okpomọkụ
Ọdịdị nke sodium bicarbonate kwụsiri ike na okpomọkụ, ọ dịkwa mfe ịgbari. Ọ na-agbari ngwa ngwa na okpomọkụ karịrị 50 Celsius. Na 270 Celsius, carbon dioxide na-efunahụ kpamkpam. Enweghị mgbanwe na ikuku kpọrọ nkụ ma na-agbari nwayọ nwayọ na ikuku dị mmiri mmiri. Mgbawa Usoro mmeghachi omume: 2NAHCO3NA2CO3+CO2 ↑+H2O.
Ubi ngwa:
1. Ojiji ụlọ nyocha
Sodium bicarbonateA na-eji ya dị ka ihe nyocha ma a na-ejikwa ya eme ihe maka njikọ inorganic. Enwere ike iji ya kwadebe ngwọta sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer. Mgbe etinyere obere acid ma ọ bụ alkali, ọ nwere ike idobe mkpokọta nke ion hydrogen na-enweghị mgbanwe dị ukwuu, nke nwere ike idobe uru pH sistemụ ahụ kwụsiri ike.
2. Ojiji ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe
A pụrụ iji sodium bicarbonate mepụta ihe mgbanyụ ọkụ pH na ihe mgbanyụ ọkụ ụfụfụ, a pụkwara iji sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ rọba mee ihe maka imepụta rọba na ogbo. A pụrụ iji sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ ígwè mee ihe dị ka ihe mgbanyụ ọkụ maka ịkpụ ígwè. A pụrụ iji sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ igwe mee ihe dị ka onye enyemaka ịkpụzi ihe maka ájá ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ (sanwichi). A pụrụ iji sodium bicarbonate na ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta na agba agba dị ka ihe na-edozi agba, ihe nchekwa acid-base, na ihe na-agwọ agba ákwà n'azụ na mbipụta agba; itinye soda na agba agba nwere ike igbochi gauze na gauze. Mgbochi.
3. Ojiji nhazi nri
N'ihe gbasara nhazi nri, sodium bicarbonate bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe nke a na-eji emepụta bisikiiti na achịcha. Agba ya bụ odo-agba aja aja. Ọ bụ carbon dioxide n'ime ihe ọṅụṅụ soda; enwere ike iji alum gwakọta ya na ntụ ntụ alkaline fermented, ma ọ bụ nwee ike ịbụ citromes dị ka alkali nkume nkịtị; kamakwa dị ka ihe nchekwa bọta. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe na-agba agba mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri na nhazi akwụkwọ nri. Ịtinye ihe dị ka 0.1% ruo 0.2% nke sodium bicarbonate mgbe ị na-asa mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri nwere ike ime ka akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ sie ike. Mgbe ejiri sodium bicarbonate mee ihe dị ka ihe na-agwọ mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye uru pH nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri site na isi nri mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, nke nwere ike ịbawanye uru pH nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, melite njide mmiri nke protein, kwalite ime ka mkpụrụ ndụ anụ ahụ nri dị nro, ma gbazee ihe ndị na-eme ka ahụ dị nro. Na mgbakwunye, enwere mmetụta na mmiri ara ewu, yana ojiji nke 0.001% ~ 0.002%.
4. Ọrụ ugbo na ịzụ anụmanụ
Sodium bicarbonateenwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka ịmịnye mmiri n'ọrụ ugbo, ọ nwekwara ike imezu enweghị ọdịnaya lysine dị na nri ahụ. Sodium bicarbonate na-agbaze agbaze n'ime obere mmiri ma ọ bụ gwakọta ya n'ime ihe mejupụtara iji nye anụ ehi ahụ nri (ọnụọgụ kwesịrị ekwesị) iji kwalite uto nke anụ ehi. Ọ nwekwara ike ime ka mmepụta mmiri ara ehi nke ehi mmiri ara ehi dịkwuo elu nke ukwuu.
5. Ojiji ahụike
Enwere ike iji sodium bicarbonate mee ihe dị ka ihe e ji emepụta ọgwụ, nke a na-eji agwọ oke acid afọ, nsị acid metabolic, yana mmamịrị alkaline iji gbochie nkume uric acid. Ọ nwekwara ike ibelata nsị akụrụ nke ọgwụ sulfa, ma gbochie haemoglobin ịbanye na tubular akụrụ mgbe a na-eme hemolysis ngwa ngwa, ma gwọọ ihe mgbaàmà nke oke acid gastric kpatara; ọgwụ intravenous abụghị kpọmkwem maka nsị ọgwụ. Mmetụta ọgwụgwọ. Isi ọwụwa na-aga n'ihu, enweghị agụụ, ọgbụgbọ, agbọ agbọ, wdg.
Ihe ị ga-eburu n'uche maka nchekwa na njem: Sodium bicarbonate abụghị ihe dị ize ndụ, mana ekwesịrị igbochi ya ka ọ ghara ịdị mmiri mmiri. Debe ya n'ime tankị ikuku kpọrọ nkụ. Ejikọtala ya na acid. Agaghị agwakọta soda achịcha a na-eri na ihe ndị na-egbu egbu iji gbochie mmetọ.
Nkwakọba: 25KG/AKPA
Oge ozi: Maachị-17-2023