Kemgbe esemokwu dị n'etiti Rọshịa na Yukren malitere, Yuropu enweela nsogbu ike. Ọnụ ahịa mmanụ na gas amụbaala nke ukwuu, nke butere mmụba dị ukwuu na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nke ihe ndị metụtara kemịkalụ dị n'okpuru ala.
N'agbanyeghị na ọ nweghị uru akụrụngwa, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ Yuropu ka na-enweta pasent 18 nke ahịa kemịkalụ zuru ụwa ọnụ (ihe dị ka ijeri yuan 4.4), nke na-esote Eshia, ọ bụkwa ebe obibi nke BASF, onye na-emepụta kemịkalụ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa.
Mgbe ọkọnọ mmiri dị n'elu mmiri nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, ọnụ ahịa ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ nke Yuropu na-arị elu nke ukwuu. Chaịna, Ugwu Amerịka, Etiti Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na mba ndị ọzọ na-adabere na akụrụngwa nke ha ma ha anaghị emetụta ha nke ọma.
N'oge dị mkpirikpi, ọnụ ahịa ike nke Yuropu ga-anọgide na-adị elu, ebe ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ nke China ga-enweta uru dị mma na ọnụ ahịa ka ọrịa na-efe efe na China na-akawanye mma.
Ya mere, maka ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ ndị China, kedu kemịkalụ ga-eweta ohere?
MDI: Agbasawanyela oghere ọnụ ahịa ruo 1000 CNY/MT
Ụlọ ọrụ MDI niile na-eji otu usoro ahụ, usoro mmiri mmiri phosgene, mana enwere ike ịmepụta ụfọdụ ngwaahịa etiti site na isi coal na isi gas abụọ. Banyere isi mmalite nke CO, methanol na ammonia sịntetik, China na-ejikarị mmepụta kemịkalụ coal eme ihe, ebe Europe na United States na-ejikarị mmepụta gas eke eme ihe.
Ugbu a, ikike MDI nke China ruru 41% nke ikike zuru ụwa ọnụ, ebe Yuropu ruru 27%. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha Febụwarị, ọnụ ahịa imepụta MDI na gas sitere n'okike dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe na Yuropu mụbara site na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 2000 CNY/MT, ebe na ngwụcha Machị, ọnụ ahịa imepụta MDI na kol dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe mụbara site na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 1000 CNY/MT. Oghere ọnụ ahịa dị ihe dị ka 1000 CNY/MT.
Ihe ndekọ sitere na ya na-egosi na mbupụ MDI nke e ji polymer mee na China ruru ihe karịrị 50%, gụnyere mkpokọta mbupụ na 2021 ruru 1.01 nde MT, mmụba kwa afọ nke 65%. MDI bụ ngwaahịa azụmaahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ, ọnụahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ dịkwa n'otu aka ahụ. A na-atụ anya na ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke mba ofesi ga-eme ka asọmpi mbupụ na ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa ndị China dịkwuo mma.
TDI: Oghere ọnụ ahịa amụbaala ruo 1500 CNY/MT
Dịka MDI, ụlọ ọrụ TDI zuru ụwa ọnụ niile na-eji usoro phosgene, na-agbaso usoro phosgene nke mmiri mmiri, mana enwere ike ịmepụta ụfọdụ ngwaahịa etiti site na usoro isi coal na isi gas.
Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha Febụwarị, ọnụ ahịa imepụta MDI na gas sitere n'okike dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe na Yuropu mụbara site na ihe dị ka CNY/MT 2,500, ebe ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha Machị, ọnụ ahịa imepụta MDI na kol dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe mụbara site na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ CNY/MT 1,000. Oghere ọnụ ahịa mụbara ruo ihe dị ka CNY/MT 1500.
Ugbu a, ikike TDI nke China ruru 40% nke ikike zuru ụwa ọnụ, Yuropu na-erukwa 26%. Ya mere, mmụba dị elu nke ọnụahịa gas eke na Yuropu ga-eduga n'ịbawanye ọnụ ahịa mmepụta TDI site na ihe dị ka 6500 CNY / MT.
N'ụwa niile, Chaịna bụ isi na-ebupụ TDI. Dịka data kọstọm si kwuo, mbupụ TDI nke Chaịna ruru ihe dị ka pasentị iri atọ.
TDI bụkwa ngwaahịa azụmaahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ, ọnụ ahịa ụwa niile na-ejikọta nke ọma. A na-atụ anya na ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke mba ofesi ga-eme ka asọmpi mbupụ na ọnụ ahịa nke ngwaahịa ndị China dịkwuo mma.
Formic acid: Arụmọrụ siri ike, ọnụ ahịa okpukpu abụọ.
Asịd Formic bụ otu n'ime kemịkalụ kachasị arụ ọrụ n'afọ a, na-arị elu site na 4,400 CNY/MT na mmalite afọ ruo 9,600 CNY/MT n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Mmepụta asịd Formic na-amalitekarị site na methanol carbonylation gaa na methyl formate, wee na-agbanwe ghọọ formic acid. Ebe ọ bụ na methanol na-agagharị mgbe niile n'usoro mmeghachi omume, ihe e ji mee formic acid bụ syngas.
Ugbua, Chaịna na Yuropu na-emepụta 57% na 34% nke ike mmepụta zuru ụwa ọnụ nke formic acid n'otu n'otu, ebe mbupụ n'ime obodo na-emepụta ihe karịrị 60%. Na Febụwarị, mmepụta formic acid n'ime obodo dara ada, ọnụ ahịa ya rịkwara elu nke ukwuu.
Ọnụ ahịa siri ike nke Formic acid na-arụpụta n'agbanyeghị mkpa ya na-adịghị mma bụ n'ihi nsogbu ọkọnọ ma na China ma na mba ofesi, isi ihe kpatara ya bụ nsogbu gas mba ofesi, nke kachasị mkpa bụ mbelata mmepụta China.
Tinyere nke ahụ, asọmpi nke ngwaahịa ndị dị n'okpuru ala nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ kol nwekwara olileanya. Ngwaahịa kemịkalụ kol bụ methanol na ammonia sịntetik, nke enwere ike ịgbatịkwu gaa na acetic acid, ethylene glycol, olefin na urea.
Dịka ngụkọ si kwuo, uru ọnụ ahịa nke usoro mmepụta kol methanol karịrị CNY/MT 3000; Uru ọnụ ahịa nke usoro imepụta kol nke urea dị ihe dị ka CNY/MT 1700; Uru ọnụ ahịa nke usoro imepụta kol acetic acid dị ihe dị ka CNY/MT 1800; A na-ewepụ ọghọm ọnụ ahịa nke ethylene glycol na olefin na mmepụta kol.
Oge ozi: Ọktoba-19-2022